Why in News?
The traditional Kurumba painting art of the Nilgiris is facing the risk of extinction due to a decline in practicing artists — a cultural heritage issue often discussed in UPSC coaching in Hyderabad while preparing art and culture topics for the civil services examination.
Origins and Historical Background
• The art form has roots dating back more than 3,000 years.
• It is believed to be connected to prehistoric rock art found at sites like Ezhuthupaarai in the Nilgiris.
• Traditionally, these paintings were created on walls of houses and temples during festivals or ceremonies.
Characteristics of Kurumba Paintings
1. Themes
• Depict tribal rituals and ceremonies.
• Illustrate forest life, animals, honey collection, and nature.
• Represent daily activities of the Kurumba community.
2. Artistic Style
• Simple linear figures and geometric patterns.
• Extensive use of dots, lines, and minimalistic motifs.
3. Natural Colours
• Artists prepare pigments from natural sources such as tree resin, charcoal, and forest minerals — a topic frequently discussed in IAS coaching in Hyderabad while studying tribal art traditions.
Cultural Importance
• Tribal Identity: Kurumba paintings reflect the cultural traditions and spiritual beliefs of the Kurumba tribe.
• Indigenous Knowledge: The artwork showcases traditional ecological knowledge and forest-based lifestyle.
• Heritage Preservation: Such art forms contribute to India’s diverse cultural heritage.
Threats to the Art Form
• Declining number of practicing artists.
• Modern lifestyle changes and reduced interest among younger generations.
• Limited institutional support and market opportunities.
Steps for Preservation
• Promote documentation and research on tribal art traditions.
• Provide government support through tribal welfare and handicraft schemes.
• Encourage cultural tourism and exhibitions.
• Introduce art education programs for tribal youth, topics often discussed in UPSC online coaching and civils coaching in Hyderabad while preparing GS1 art and culture.
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