The World Health Organization (WHO) recently advanced a resolution to improve equity in care for people living with haemophilia worldwide. This topic is important for aspirants preparing through IAS coaching in Hyderabad, UPSC coaching in Hyderabad, and UPSC online coaching.
Haemophilia
• Definition: A rare inherited disorder where blood does not clot properly.
• Cause:
• Haemophilia A → deficiency/absence of clotting factor VIII.
• Haemophilia B → deficiency of factor IX.
• Inheritance:
• Passed in an X-linked recessive pattern.
• Mostly affects males, while females are usually carriers.
• Spontaneous Mutations: Around one-third of cases occur without family history.
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Symptoms
• Severe Cases: Frequent spontaneous bleeding episodes.
• Mild Cases: Bleeding mainly after injury, surgery, or dental procedures.
• Common Signs:
• Prolonged bleeding.
• Easy bruising.
• Frequent nosebleeds.
• Serious Complications: Rare bleeding in critical organs such as the brain.
Treatment
• Standard Therapy: Clotting factor replacement (factor VIII for Haemophilia A).
• Usage:
• To control active bleeding.
• As preventive (prophylactic) therapy.
• Advances: Gene therapy and long-acting clotting factors under research.
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Global & Indian Context
• Globally, haemophilia affects ~1 in 10,000 births.
• India has one of the largest patient populations, but diagnosis and treatment access remain limited.
• WHO resolution aims to reduce inequity in care, especially in low and middle-income countries.
Such healthcare issues are crucial for aspirants preparing through UPSC coaching in Hyderabad.
Importance of Addressing Haemophilia
• Equity in Healthcare: Ensures access to life-saving therapies for all patients.
• Public Health Impact: Prevents disability and improves quality of life.
• Economic Dimension: Reduces long-term healthcare costs by preventing complications.
• Research & Innovation: Advances in gene therapy could provide permanent solutions.
Conclusion
Strengthening healthcare systems, expanding factor replacement therapy, and investing in new technologies are crucial steps forward. For students enrolled in UPSC online coaching and IAS coaching in Hyderabad, this topic is important for GS3 preparation.
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